Rust 组织管理

概述

Rust 的模块系统帮助你组织代码。

📦 模块定义

mod front_of_house {
    pub mod hosting {
        pub fn add_to_waitlist() {}
    }
}

pub fn eat_at_restaurant() {
    front_of_house::hosting::add_to_waitlist();
}

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继续学习：下一章 - Rust 泛型与特性

Rust 泛型与特性

概述

泛型和特性是 Rust 强大的抽象工具。

🔧 泛型函数

fn largest<T: PartialOrd + Copy>(list: &[T]) -> T {
    let mut largest = list[0];
    for &item in list {
        if item > largest {
            largest = item;
        }
    }
    largest
}

🎯 特性定义

trait Summary {
    fn summarize(&self) -> String;
}

struct NewsArticle {
    pub headline: String,
    pub content: String,
}

impl Summary for NewsArticle {
    fn summarize(&self) -> String {
        format!("{}: {}", self.headline, self.content)
    }
}

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继续学习：下一章 - Rust 文件与 IO

Rust 文件与 IO

概述

Rust 提供了强大的文件和 IO 操作功能。

📁 文件读取

use std::fs;

fn main() {
    let contents = fs::read_to_string("hello.txt")
        .expect("Something went wrong reading the file");
    println!("With text:\n{}", contents);
}

📁 文件写入

use std::fs;

fn main() {
    fs::write("hello.txt", "Hello, world!")
        .expect("Unable to write file");
}

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继续学习：下一章 - Rust 集合与字符串

Rust 集合与字符串

概述

Rust 标准库包含许多有用的集合类型。

📚 Vector

fn main() {
    let mut v = Vec::new();
    v.push(5);
    v.push(6);
    v.push(7);
    v.push(8);
    
    let v = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
    let third: &i32 = &v[2];
    println!("The third element is {}", third);
}

📚 字符串

fn main() {
    let mut s = String::new();
    let data = "initial contents";
    let s = data.to_string();
    let s = String::from("initial contents");
    
    let mut s = String::from("foo");
    s.push_str("bar");
    println!("{}", s);
}

📚 HashMap

use std::collections::HashMap;

fn main() {
    let mut scores = HashMap::new();
    scores.insert(String::from("Blue"), 10);
    scores.insert(String::from("Yellow"), 50);
    
    let team_name = String::from("Blue");
    let score = scores.get(&team_name);
    println!("{:?}", score);
}

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继续学习：下一章 - Rust 面向对象